Examination Card № 12

Name, surname _____________________________ Class _________

Examination Card № 12

I.  Reading

Read the text. For questions (1-5), choose the answer (A, B, or C) which you think fits best according to the text.

SVIATA VECHERIA, OR "HOLY SUPPER"

         Sviata Vecheria, or "Holy Supper" is the central tradition of the beautiful Christmas Eve celebrations in the Ukrainian homes. The dinner table sometimes has a few wisps of hay on the embroidered table cloth as a reminder of the manger in Bethlehem. Many Canadian and American families wear their Ukrainian embroidered shirts on this occasion. When the children see the first star in the eastern evening sky, which symbolizes the trek of the Three Wise Men, the Sviata Vecheria may begin.

         In farming communities the head of the household now brings in a sheaf of wheat called 'the didukh' which represents the importance of the ancient and rich wheat crops of Ukraine, the staff of life through the centuries. Didukh means literally 'grandfather spirit', so it symbolizes the family's ancestors. In city homes a few stalks of golden wheat in a vase are often used to decorate the table. During the Holy Supper people lay the table with 12 dishes that symbolize apostles - the chosen twelve first sent out to preach for the Christian Gospel. A prayer is said and the father says the traditional Christmas greeting, "Khristos rodyvsya!" (Christ is born!), which is answered by the family with "Slavimo Yoho!" (Let Us Glorify Him!)

         At the end of the Sviata Vecheria the family often sings koliadky, Ukrainian Christmas carols. In many communities the old Ukrainian tradition of carolling is carried on by groups of young people and members of organizations and churches calling at homes and collecting donations.

1.      The first star in the eastern evening sky symbolizes__ .

      A any travel of the Three Wise Men

      В a journey of the Three Wise Men by the ox wagon

      C a travel of the Three Wise Men on foot

2.      At Christmas city citizens decorate the table with___ .

       A a few stalks of golden wheat in a vase

     В didukh

       С a few wisps of hay                                                                                                 

3.      Why is Didukh an important symbol of Christmas in Ukraine?__ .

      A Because it shows rich wheat crops.

      В Because it means the staff of life through the centuries.

      C Because it honours family ancestors.

4.      What do twelve dishes set on the table symbolize?__ .

      A Twelve months of the year.

      В Twelve first people sent out to preach Christian Gospel.
      С Twelve stars in the sky.

5.      What are koliadky?___ .

      A Poems

      В Tradition of travelling from house to house

      С The Ukrainian Christmas carols

         II. USE OF ENGLISH

Read the text below. For questions (6—15) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).

WHAT IS THE HISTORY OF HOT AIR BALLOONS?

Using generated heat to capture rising air inside an envelope of material, the hot air balloon concept (6) __ scientists and speculators for centuries. Hot air balloons were one of the first methods of flight (7) __ by humans. Although their documented history is generally only begins in the 18^th century, some evi­dence (8) __that the balloons have been in the minds of humans for thousands of years.

China generally claims credit for being the first to make use of the technology. Heated air is lighter than cold air, so if there is a sufficient envelope to trap the air, the device it is attached to (9) __. In the 3rd century, small un­ manned versions of hot air balloons, called Kongming lanterns, were used as signalling devices during the constant mili­tary campaigns of the time. These lanterns later became traditional at some Chinese festivals.

The history of modern ballooning begins in Portugal in 1783, when a priest demonstrated for the Portuguese court his small, working balloon model. A few months later, in September 1783, scientist Jean-Francois Pilatre de Rozier (10) __ the first large scale balloon test, launching a most likely surprised sheep, duck and rooster into flight

before the balloon crashed to the ground. Also in that year, brothers named Joseph-Michel and Jacques-Etienne Mont-golfier displayed the first manned flight in Paris.

(11) __ quickly took off as a competitive sport among fans, with attempts being made to set distance and height records. In 1785, a manned balloon was flown across (12) __English Channel, carrying Jean Pierre Blanchard and John Jefferies, one of the first American balloonists. Jean-Francois Pilatre de Rozier would die later that year in a similar attempt. On 7 January 1793, Blanchard also became the first to operate hot air balloons in America.

As a military tool, hot air balloons were used as spy vehicles during the French Revolution at the Battle of Fleurus. They also (13) __during the American Civil War of the 19th century. Since the invention of winged aircraft, balloons have fallen out of military use, while retaining popularity as a hobbyist sport.

Following the work of Blanchard, modern balloonists (14) __several new records. In 1932, a scientist named Auguste Piccard flew a hot air balloon to a height of over 52,000 ft (15.8 km) in the first flight to reach the strato­sphere. Ben Abruzzo, Maxie Anderson, and Larry Newman became the first people (15) __the Atlantic Ocean by balloon in l978.

	A	B	C	D
6	fascinated	fascinates	has fascinated	had fascinated
7	create	created	creates	creating
8	suggest	suggests	to suggest	suggesting
9	will be rise	will rise	rises	would rise
10	conducted	had conducted	would conduct	were conducting
11	Ballooning	Balloons	То Balloon	Being ballooned
12	a	an	the	—
13	were employed	employed	was employed	had employed
14	set	had set	have set	would set
15	crossing	crossed	cross	to cross

III. WRITING

Your friend is fond of fast food restaurants. Write an email (80 - 120 words) to him/her.

•       persuade him/her that home food is better and healthier;

•       give your advice on healthy eating habits